THE TRANSFORMATION OF KURDISH EDUCATION IN TURKEY
This article discusses the current transformation of
Kurdish Education in Turkey. Thus, the removal of
restrictions on education and broadcasting in Kurdish,
have encountered the most political resistance. Yet, for
theories of international political economy, especially the
neo-realist perspective, Turkey’s reluctant to comply with
EU norms presents a puzzle. But, in spite of all challenges
the Turkey has been continuing to meet the benefit of
Social, cultural and Educational reforms including the
Kurdish Language and Culture and it is in progress.
Keywords: transformation, education, norms, reforms,
progress.
A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF THE CATEGORY OF ANTERIORITY (ENGLISH, KURDISH AND ARABIC)
Abstract
I did my best to investigate the influence of goal
orientations on strategy use patterns and reading
comprehension of multi-lingual readers. It was concluded
that contrastive goal orientations contributed to significant
differences in strategy use patterns and reading
comprehension and to classify the equal and unequal
equivalent forms in all three contrasted languages and how
to teach students and readers the above mentioned
languages. Moreover, this study is trying to create a real
system for a correct translation among related and
unrelated languages. Additionally, teachers might need to
orient students in order to adopt a multi-lingual, rather
than a single, achievement goal.
Keywords: Multi-lingual, Contrastive, Category,
Anteriority.
POLITICS AS “POPULAR CULTURE”& ITS DIGITAL MANIFESTATION: AN INDIAN STATE ELECTION & A FEW TWITTER #HASHTAG TRENDS
Abstract
Within the dilemma and debate over popular culture
and the shift in perspective between the eighteenth and the
nineteenth centuries when “popular” meant being seen
from the point of view of people rather than from those
seeking favour or power over them (Striniti, 1995), this
paper intends to use both ‘culture industry’ of Adorno and
Hall’s approach to understand the popular culture in the
context of Indian politics. With the notion of making a
phenomenon “popular”, mass media contributes its share
not only for creating consent but, also at points
accommodating dissent within the framework of popular
culture. Hence, politics, as a process and phenomena, has
been able to enter the mainstream societal discourse as
popular culture, and different forms of media have further
facilitated the notion of “popular” within the politics of
consent vs. dissent.
Keywords: twitter, popular culture, media, politics, Bihar,
India, Hashtag.
COMMUNICATION AND COOPERATION BETWEEN EUROPEAN UNION AUTHORITIES FIGHTING TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS
Abstract
Human trafficking is the equivalent of modern day
slavery and it is spread across the world in various degrees
and forms. Europe is not sheltered from the human
trafficking business and this is the reason why during the
last 20 years European authorities have intensified their
fight against this phenomenon. Communication and
cooperation are key to succeed in such an endeavour.
Transnational anti-trafficking networks have been set by
the European authorities, facilitating communication and
making the fight against human trafficking more efficient.
The article presents different channels of communications
that European Union established for fighting trafficking in
human beings.
Keywords: human trafficking, modern slavery,
transnational crime.
MASS MEDIA – AN ALLY OR AN ENEMY IN THE STRUGGLE AGAINST TERRORISM?
Abstract
Mass media represent a double-cutting edge sword,
considering their role and influence within any human
society.
Pushed by their chiefs or by their own desire to become
famous, quite many journalists disrespect the deontological
principles of being more cautious to air violent images and
news.
During terrorist attacks, many publications, radio and
TV stations were interested in having priority or even
exclusivity to transmit those events to the public, although
this manner of doing business is more in favor of terrorists
who receive publicity free of charge.
Intentionally or not, being aware or not of the residual
effects against public, by airing news and images about
terrorist actions, the mass media from all over the world
brought their contribution to stimulate terrorist actions.
Keywords: terrorism, journalists deontological code,
terrorists propaganda, media side effects, media dualism.
QUALITATIVE EXTENSIONS AND LIMITS OF SEMIOTICS
Abstract
Semiotics is considered a discipline including in its
investigation field the language (languages) and the
signification/communication practices as social
manifestations. Along the time, different definitions have
been provided for this discipline, all attempting at
discussing its epistemic horizons, its qualitative extensions
and limitations. Most of the attempts made at defining the
domain of semiotics came from the part of the philosophy
of language, of logic and linguistics. In spite of this,
semiotician Thomas A. Sebeok asserts that the roots of
semiotics are actually in medicine, once Hypocrates (460-
377 b.Chr.), considered as the founder of Western medical
science, was among the first ones to make use of the science
of signs when studying the symptoms of the sick. However,
subsequent investigations devoted to this domain will
separate the concept of symptom from that of sign, bringing
closer to semiotics especially the latter one. It was only
during the Renaissance that philosophers such as Rene
Descartes, John Locke, G.W. Leibnitz, Immanuel Kant,
G.W.F. Hegel will include the concept of sign in their
philosophical systems, from logic and epistemology to the
theory of knowledge and metaphysics.
Out of the recent researches, the approach of the Italian
scientist Umberto Eco appears as especially relevant. In his
opinion, general semiotics (the one including in its
investigation domain semiology, as well) should accept in
its terminology a theory of codes and a theory of the
production of signs. In his attempt at establishing the
statute of semiotics (in a didactic manner), Umberto Eco
reveals the two situations in which it may occur, namely:
a) as a discipline and b) as a research field. Further on, the
Italian scientist develops his concepts by considering
semiotics as a domain (field) which has still to delimitate
its authentic structure.
Keywords: Semiotics, semiology, significance, semiosis,
communication, culture, methodology, interpretation, empirical
approach.
DISCOURSE MARKERS: CONTEXTUAL INDICES OF COMMUNICATION
Abstract
Discourse markers have been approached by many
linguists (Levinson, 1983, Schiffrin, 1987, Blakemore, 1987,
Fraser, 1993 etc.). English like any other language presents
us with a wide range of lexical items that could be
interpreted as discourse markers. The latter are items
whose semantic content is almost null, but whose pragmatic
value is of importance in communication as they indicate
and establish a relationship between the speaker and the
hearer, between the addresser and the addressee. As
Schiffrin1 writes, “the analysis of discourse markers is part
of the more general analysis of discourse coherence – how
speakers and hearers jointly integrate forms, meanings,
and actions to make overall sense out of what is said”. So
discourse markers form a group of linguistic items that are
inseparable from discourse and fulfil significant roles in
discourse interpretation.
Keywords: discourse marker, register, genre,
communication, coherence.
VERBAL COMMUNICATION VIA TRANSLATION
Abstract
Our paper approaches the verbal communication
functions proposed by R. Jakobson, namely: the emotive,
conative, phatic, metalinguistic, referential and poetic
functions, which position the translation process and the
core issues related to synonymy within the dynamic
framework of communication. Each function instantiation
through translation is illustrated via excerpts from Amintiri
din copilarie by I.Creanga, translated by Yves Augé, and
Povestiri by V.Voiculescu, translated by I.Badescu. Another
objective of the present paper is to highlight some particular
difficulties with which the translator is confronted, in his
position of a receiver who is more “informed” than the
average addressee. We will also examine the impact of the
poetic function upon the synonymy phenomena at the
translation level.
Keywords: language functions, communication,
translation, synonymy, text, paradigmatic axis, syntagmatic
axis.
COMUNICATIVITY AND TEXT INTERPRETATION
Abstract
The paper “Communicativity and text interpretation”
presents the connection between writing/editing and
adaptation/interpretation of radio and TV texts and the
fact that this very much influences the text’s principledness.
Therefore, special significance is given to the use or lack of
use of the “two face structure,” the visible (apparent)
articulation of phrases (punctuation marks, conjunctions),
the logical construction of the news (the topic, the order of
sentences, the cohesion of the text), “the transparent new”
– the form, the text’s communicativity and the text-image
agreement on the TV news. The articulation and intonation
elements which appear in the text only get their function
and meaning within the text, in the communicative field.
The examples behind this presentation have been chosen
from the Hungarian-language programs on Radio Romania
International and TVR, as I have worked here for many
years as an editor-presenter.
Keywords: language/mother tongue, interpretation,
communication, speech, intonation, audio-visual media, the
language of images, radio, the auditory effect, articulation
elements.
ON THE COMPLEMENTARINESS OF THE LEARNING THEORIES AND THEIR RELEVANCE FOR STREAMLINING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Abstract
There is a visibly noticeable discrepancy between the
many psychological studies which have as their object the
learning process and the valorisation of the study outcomes
in the theory and practice of teaching. Therefore, when the
psychologists highlight the various features of the learning
process, with consideration of this fact it is necessary to
involve immediately a transposition of this feature into a
pedagogical research plan, realizing precisely this rapid
evolution of the research on learning theories on one hand,
and the need to make this evolution known, on the other
hand. The authors of this study wanted to make a synthesis
and a presentation of the field as it looks today; thus,
classical theories are represented in terms of completions
brought by the recent research conducted by cognitive
psychologists. Nevertheless, the authors could not avoid
the temptation of making a simple overview of learning
theories, as one of the major objectives of this study was
represented by the implications and importance of research
on the learning process for streamlining the educational
process.
Keywords: educational process, learning theories, teaching,
streamlining.
THE NEW CONSUMER OF LIFELONG LEARNING PROGRAMMES
Abstract
Lifelong learning encompasses all formal, non-formal
and informal learning activities attended by each person
along his/her life, being one of the most used concepts
nowadays, due to its positive impact on the development
of individuals, companies and on the entire economy. In
our article, we present some general aspects regarding
consumer behavior and the trends in the consumption of
lifelong learning services in the European Union member
states. Finally, we are focusing on some practical ways for
overcoming the major obstacles to participation in lifelong
learning programmes, illustrated with a case study in
Romania.
Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Lifelong Learning,
PECAFROM project, Romania, Participation in Training.
PECULIARITIES AND INTERFERENCES OF THE DUNĂREA DE JOS LITERATURE
Abstract
Evolution of the Romanian literary phenomenon,
viewed both in its completeness and at province level,
described in the new cultural press, developed immediately
after December 1989, coincided with the first ample and
real manifestation of the freedom of expression,
materialized in the appearance of new means of media
communication: one one side - the social-political, on the
other - the literary press.
As known, immediately after 1989, the Romanian
literary life witnessed a tempestuous restructuration
process, the new paradigm involving in itself a whole
series of contradictions, conflictual situations, controversies,
polarization of various theories, models and tendencies,
some of them extremely virulent and impetuous, such as,
for example, the war of cultural reconsiderations.
In December 1989, few of the writers of Galaţi were
recognized as really important at national level, each of
them having succeeded, until then, in publishing one or
more of books at Publishing Houses of Iaşi and Bucureşti.
What happened immediately after the abolition of the
restrictive and drastic mechanisms of ideological censorship
may be considered as an authentic local literary revolution,
manifested at all levels of expression, starting with literary
productions up to various complementary, yet stimulating
forms of publication.
Keywords: literature, Dunărea de Jos, Galaţi, Brăila,
Tulcea, beginning of the XXIth century.
